Lihevhatina G11 G12 รป G13 Antifreezes - ma gengaz e ku wan tevlihev bikin
Contains
Antรฎfrez ลilavek xebatรช ya girรฎng e ku fonksiyona wรช ya sereke sarbรปn รป parastina motorรช ye. Ev ลilek di germahiyรชn nizm de nacemide รป xwedan bendek bilind a kelandin รป cemidandinรช ye, ku motora ลewata navxweyรฎ ji germbรปna zรชde รป zirarรช diparรชze ji ber guheztina qebareyรช di dema kelandinรช de. Zรชdekirinรชn ku di antรฎfrezรช de cih digirin xwedan gelek taybetmendรฎ ne ku beลรชn pergala sarbรปnรช ji korozyonรช diparรชzin รป kincรชn wan kรชm dikin.
Di pรชkhateyรช de antรฎfrรฎz รงi ne
Bingeha her pรชkhateyek sarbรปnรช bingehek glycol e (propylen glycol an ethylene glycol), rรชjeya girseya wรช bi navรฎnรฎ 90%. 3-5% ji tevheviya ลilava konsantrekirรฎ ava ลilandรฎ ye, 5-7% - pรชvekรชn taybetรฎ.
Her welatek ku ลilavรชn pergala sarbรปnรช hildiberรฎne xwedan dabeลkirina xwe ye, lรช dabeลรชn jรชrรฎn bi gelemperรฎ tรชne sepandin ku ji tevliheviyรช dรปr nekevin:
- G11, G12, G13;
- bi rengan (kesk, ลรฎn, zer, mor, sor).
Komรชn G11, G12 รป G13
Dabeลkirina herรฎ gelemperรฎ ya pรชkhateyรชn sarkirinรช dabeลkirina ku ji hรชla fikarรชn VAG ve hatรฎ pรชลve xistin bรป.
Rรชjeya pรชkhatina ku ji hรชla Volkswagen ve hatรฎ pรชลve xistin:
G11 - sarkerรชn ku li gorรฎ teknolojiya kevneลopรฎ, lรช heya niha kevnar hatine afirandin. Di pรชkhatina pรชvekรชn antรฎ-korozyonรช de cรปrbecรปr pรชkhateyรชn neorganรฎkรฎ di nav hevokรชn cihรชreng de (sรฎlรฎkat, nรฎtrat, borat, fosfat, nรฎtrรฎt, amรฎn) vedihewรฎne.
Zรชdekarรชn silรฎkatรฎ li ser rรปyรช hundurรช pergala sarbรปnรช qatek parastinรช ya taybetรฎ ava dikin, ku bi qalindahiya xwe bi pรฎvana li ser kewรงรชrรช ve tรช berhev kirin. Kรปrahiya qatรช veguheztina germรช kรชm dike, bandora sarbรปnรช kรชm dike.
Di bin bandora domdar a guheztinรชn girรฎng รชn germahiyรช, lerzรฎn รป demรช de, tebeqeya lรชzรชdekirรฎ tรช hilweลandin รป dest bi hilweลandinรช dike, ku dibe sedema xirabรปna gerรฎdeya sarkerรช รป dibe sedema zirarรชn din. Ji bo ku ji bandorek zirarรช dรปr nekevin, divรช antรฎfreza silicate herรฎ kรชm her 2 salan carekรช were guheztin.
G12 - antรฎfrezรช, ku lรชzรชdekรชn organรฎk (asรฎdรชn karboksรฎlรฎk) tรช de hene. Taybetmendiyek pรชvekรชn karboksรฎlate ev e ku li ser rรปberรชn pergalรช qatek parastinรช รงรช nabe, รป lรชzรชde tenรช li cรฎhรชn zirarรช, tevรฎ korozyonรช, teniktirรฎn qata parastinรช ji mรฎkrokek kรชmtir ava dikin.
Avantajรชn wรช:
- asta bilind ya veguhestina germรช;
- nebรปna qatek li ser rรปyรช hundur, ku xitimandin รป hilweลรฎna din a pรชkhate รป beลรชn cรปda yรชn gerรฎdeyรช ji holรช radike;
- jiyana karรปbarรช dirรชjkirรฎ (3-5 sal), รป heya 5 salan hรปn dikarin bi paqijkirina tevahรฎ pergalรช berรฎ dagirtina wรช รป karanรฎna รงareseriyek antรฎfrezรช ya amade ลilekek wusa bikar bรฎnin.
Ji bo rakirina vรช kรชmasiyรช, G12 + antรฎfrezek hรฎbrรฎd hate afirandin, ku taybetmendiyรชn erรชnรฎ yรชn tevliheviyรชn silรฎkat รป karboksรฎlate bi karanรฎna lรชzรชdekรชn organรฎk รป neorganรฎkรฎ ve li hev kir.
Di sala 2008-an de, รงรฎnek nรป xuya bรป - 12G ++ (antรฎfrezรชn lobrid), ku bingeha organรฎkรฎ ya ku hejmareke piรงรปk a lรชzรชdekirina neorganรฎkรฎ vedihewรฎne.
G13 - sarkerรชn hawirdorparรชz รชn li ser bingeha propylene glycol, ku berevajรฎ ethylene glycol jehrรฎn, hem ji mirovan re รป hem jรฎ ji jรฎngehรช re bรชzar e. Cรปdahiya wรช ji G12 ++ tenรช hevaltiya wรช ya jรฎngehรช ye, pรฎvanรชn teknรฎkรฎ yek in.
Kesk
Di sarkerรชn kesk de pรชvekรชn neorganรฎk hene. Antรฎfrezek wusa ji รงรฎna G11 e. Jiyana karรปbarรช van รงareseriyรชn sarbรปnรช ne ji 2 salan zรชdetir e. Bihayek kรชm heye.
Ji bo karanรฎna li ser gerรฎdeyรชn kevn, ji ber qalindahiya qata parastinรช, ku pรชลรฎ li รงรชbรปna mรฎkroรงikan รป rijandinรช digire, di pergalรชn sarkirinรช de bi radyatorรชn aluminum an alloyek aluminiumรช de tรช pรชลniyar kirin.
Sor
Antรฎfreza sor ji รงรฎna G12 e, di nav de G12+ รป G12++. Jiyana wรช ya karรปbarรช herรฎ kรชm 3 sal e, li gorรฎ pรชkhatin รป amadekirina pergalรช berรฎ dagirtinรช ve girรชdayรฎ ye. Ew รงรชtir e ku meriv di pergalรชn ku radyatorรชn wan sifir an tรปnc in de were bikar anรฎn.
Blue
Germรชn ลรฎn ji รงรฎna G11 in, ji wan re bi gelemperรฎ Antifreeze tรช gotin. Bi piranรฎ di pergalรชn sarkirinรช yรชn gerรฎdeyรชn kevn รชn rรปsรฎ de tรช bikar anรฎn.
Purple
Antรฎfreza binefลรฎ, mรฎna pembe, ji pola G12 ++ an G13 ye. Di nav wรช de hejmareke hindik zรชdekerรชn neorganรฎk (mรฎneral) hene. Ew ewlehiya hawirdorรช ya bilind hene.
Dema ku antรฎfreza binefลรฎ ya lobrid di motorek nรป de dirijรฎne, ew bi rastรฎ jiyanek bรชsรฎnor heye. Li ser otomobรฎlรชn nรปjen tรชne bikar anรฎn.
Ma gengaz e ku antรฎfrezรช kesk, sor รป ลรฎn bi hevรปdu re tevlihev bikin
Di pir rewลan de, rengรช รงareseriya sarbรปna motora ลewata navxweyรฎ pรชkhatรฎ รป taybetmendiyรชn wรช nรฎลan dide. Hรปn dikarin antรฎfrรฎzรชn ji rengรชn cihรชreng tevlihev bikin tenรช heke ew ji heman polรช ne. Wekรฎ din, dibe ku reaksiyonรชn kรฎmyewรฎ รงรชbibin, ku zรป an dereng dรช bandorรช li rewลa gerรฎdeyรช bike.
Antรฎfreze bi tundรฎ qedexe ye ku bi celebรชn din รชn sarkeran re were tevlihev kirin.
Ger hรปn koma G11 รป G12 tevlihev bikin รงi dibe
Tevlihevkirina cรปreyรชn cรปda yรชn antรฎfrezรช dikare bi demรช re bibe sedema pirsgirรชkan.
Encamรชn sereke yรชn tevlihevkirina รงรฎnรชn silicate รป karboksรฎlate:
- korozyona rรปyรชn hundur รชn pergala sarbรปnรช;
- kefkirina ลilava xebatรช;
- zรชde germbรปna motorรช;
- zรชdebรปna mezaxtina sotemeniyรช heta %5;
- astengkirina kanalรชn motora ลewitandina navxweyรฎ;
- girtina radyator รป hรชmanรชn din รชn pergala sarbรปnรช;
- veguherรฎna pompรช;
- kรชmkirina jiyana karรปbarรช rรปnรช motorรช;
- xeletiyรชn din.
Tenรช di rewลa awarte de, hรปn dikarin cรปreyรชn cรปda lรช zรชde bikin.
Di vรช yekรช de, faktorรชn jรชrรฎn divรช bรชne binรงavkirin:
- Pรชdivรฎ ye ku รงareseriyรชn sarkirinรช bi heman bingehรช re tevlihev bikin (ethylene glycol tenรช bi ethylene glycol re);
- tevliheviyรชn bรช silรฎkat bi tundรฎ qedexe ye ku bi yรชn din re werin tevlihev kirin;
- Pรชdivรฎ ye ku ji bo gerรฎdeyรช antรฎfrezek guncan were dรฎtin รป tenรช dema ku ลilava xebatรช ya di pergala sarbรปnรช de dagirtin รป biguhezรฎne wรช bikar bรฎnin.
Ger hewce be ku mรฎqdarek hindik sarkerรช lรช zรชde bike รป ya minasib tune be, รงรชtir e ku meriv ava distรฎlkirรฎ lรช zรชde bike, ku dรช taybetmendiyรชn sarbรปn รป parastinรช hinekรฎ kรชm bike, lรช dรช bibe sedema reaksiyonรชn kรฎmyewรฎ yรชn ku ji bo otomobรฎlรช xeternak in. di rewลa tevlihevkirina pรชkhateyรชn silรฎkat รป karboksรฎlate de.
Meriv รงawa lihevhatina antรฎfrezรช kontrol dike
Ji bo kontrolkirina lihevhatina antรฎfrezรช, pรชdivรฎ ye ku meriv bi baldarรฎ berhevokรช bixwรฎne, ji ber ku ne hemรฎ hilberรฎner pabendรฎ dabeลkirina reng an pola (G11, G12, G13) ne, di hin rewลan de dibe ku ew jรฎ destnรฎลan nekin.
Table 1. Lihevhatina dema dagirtin.
Tรฎpa ลilava topkirinรช | Cureyรช antรฎfrezรช di pergala sarbรปnรช de | ||||
G11 | G12 | G12 + | G12 ++ | G13 | |
G11 | + | Tevlihevkirin qedexe ye | + | + | + |
G12 | Tevlihevkirin qedexe ye | + | + | + | + |
G12 + | + | + | + | + | + |
G12 ++ | + | + | + | + | + |
G13 | + | + | + | + | + |
Zรชdekirina ลilavรชn รงรฎnรชn cihรชreng tenรช ji bo xebitandinรช ji bo demek kurt destรปr e, piลtรฎ wรช jรฎ pรชdivรฎ ye ku bi ลรปลtina pergala sarkirinรช re bi tevahรฎ veguheztinek were kirin.
Antรฎfreza bi rรชkรปpรชk bijartรฎ li gorรฎ celebรช pergala sarbรปnรช, pรชkhatina radyatorรช รป rewลa gerรฎdeyรช, guheztina wรช ya biwext dรช ewlehiya pergala sarbรปnรช misoger bike, motorรช ji germbรปna zรชde biparรชze รป bibe alรฎkar ku ji gelek rewลรชn din รชn ne xweล dรปr bikevin.